(巴塞爾/瑞士)2位來自馬來西亞砂拉越的社運成员Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang榮獲布諾曼瑟奬。該獎項設立旨為紀念熱帶雨林英雄布諾曼瑟和獎勵捍衛環境和人權的人。
Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang一直為捍衛砂拉越原住民權益鬥爭,是首兩位榮獲布諾曼瑟奬的人。
《全馬原住民網絡》(Jaringan Orang Asal SeMalaysia)成員Komeok Joe長期為砂拉越少數民族,尤其是本南人鬥爭。自1980年代,他積極捍衛砂拉越剩餘的原始森林,協助爭取本南人土地權。在Komeok Joe 與 Penan Selungo社區長期鬥爭之下,該區的原始森林仍保存至今日。
Sarawak activists honoured in Switzerland BRUNO MANSER FUND, BASEL / SWITZERLAND
26 May 2016 – for immediate release Penan organizer Komeok Joe and anti-dams activist Peter Kallang from Malaysia receive prize for their commitment to the protection of Borneo’s rainforest and for defending indigenous rights
(BASEL / SWITZERLAND) Komeok Joe and Peter Kallang, two indigenous activists from Sarawak, Malaysia, have been honoured with the Bruno Manser Prize for Moral Courage. The Prize is named after rainforest hero Bruno Manser and honours personalities who have proven moral courage in defending the environment and human rights.
Komeok Joe and Peter Kallang are the first receivers of the new award and have been chosen for their outstanding commitment in defending indigenous rights in Sarawak:
Komeok Joe, member of Malaysia’s indigenous peoples network Joas, has been honoured for his enduring struggle for the rights of Sarawak’s indigenous peoples, especially the Penan. Since the late 1980s, he has tirelessly been working to protect Sarawak’s remaining primary forests and for the acknowledgement of the land rights of the Penan. Thanks to the commitment of Komeok Joe and the Penan Selungo communities, significant areas of primary rainforest have been preserved until today.
Peter Kallang, chairman of the grassroots network SAVE Rivers, has been honoured for his courage in defending indigenous livelihoods against the threat of dams. He and his fellow activists have reached the unbelievable, they managed to convince the Sarawak government to cancel the Baram Dam, which would have led to the resettlement of up to 20’000 indigenous people.
Kaspar Müller, representative of the Bruno Manser estate, praised the two activists in his laudation: “You receive this award in the name of all of us and we all do it with our deepest and profoundest respect for your long engagement in favour of the rights of indigenous people and for the protection of the rainforest. Congratulations and thank you for all what you have done and what you have achieved. Bruno Manser, who disappeared on the 25th May 2000, 16 years ago, would be very proud of you.”
Swiss activist Bruno Manser lived with the Penan in Borneo’s rainforest from 1984 to 1990. With his moral courage in defending the Penan’s rights against logging activities, he became an iconic figure of the international movement for forest protection. Bruno Manser disappeared in the year 2000 in Sarawak’s rainforest. Until today, his fate remains a mystery.
個人心得:
令人值得振奮驕傲的成就,往往都是創業賺取巨額財富、開創發展經融奇蹟發展,抑或是成為世界首富的角色。然而,Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang兩人的功績卻不談上一毛錢,他們揮灑汗水不但費盡唇舌且藉由實質行動捍衛熱帶雨林的亡存,並且擁護了環境及人類的權益,榮獲了布諾曼瑟奬,成為世人首屈一指正義光環表彰的典範。
Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang彰顯了無私奉獻的真諦,一心為集體人民及自然環境付出心力。Komeok Joe長期為砂拉越少數民族付出心力。自1980年代,他積極捍衛砂拉越剩餘的原始森林,並且協助爭取本南人土地所有權。在Komeok Joe 與 社區長期鬥爭之下,該區的原始森林仍保存至今日,雖並未獲得全面性的認同,但能夠保存這片森林思源即是實屬難能可貴的驕傲。除此之外,Peter Kallang抑是不遺餘力地率領原住民反對當地的水壩建造,捍衛所有原住民的人權。最終,久經一番抗爭之後,他終於成功說服砂拉越州政府取消將導致20萬原住民流離失所的巴南水壩計劃。不但遏止了潛在森林土地的開發,也守護了當地原住民的居住權和土地所有權。
從上述兩人經典的事例我們可以看到地球仍存在著為環境及人權殫精竭慮付出的正義人士。我認為Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang兩人真正實踐了「生態保護」即「人權保障」的願景,在他們努力的付出下,地球多了一股正義無私的正向能量。布諾曼瑟基金會代表Kaspar Müller為此榮耀的時刻遞上最誠摯的尊敬與感謝"You receive this award in the name of all of us and we all do it with our deepest and profoundest respect for your long engagement in favour of the rights of indigenous people and for the protection of the rainforest."不但一語點出了兩人光榮於原住民人權(rights of indigenous people)與熱帶森林保護(protection of the rainforest)的功績,我認為這句話最值得引人側目的焦點是在於"in the name of all of us"的意涵,意味著這份付出與犧牲是Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang所全然擔當的,雖然這些維繫生態與人共存的目標理當是地球每一位人權所該共同承擔的責任;然而,Komeok Joe 和 Peter Kallang接獲的這份榮耀即是為了地球全體人民的付出與貢獻,實質揭示了守護環境責任理當的普世性價值。
「國際we love you運動本部」今天在逢甲商圈進行clean day清掃活動,市府環保局派員參與街道清掃。(陳世宗翻攝)
環保局並對商圈附近店家進行環境衛生自我維護工作宣導。(陳世宗翻攝)
「國際we love you運動本部」22日在逢甲商圈進行clean day清掃活動,市府環保局派員參與街道清掃活動,並對商圈附近店家進行環境衛生自我維護工作宣導。這個國際組織以實際行動喚起店家、攤販及遊客環保觀念,養成隨手將垃圾帶回家習慣;環保局也要求店家及攤商做好周邊環境維護,並呼籲民眾培養垃圾不落地的觀念。
今日雖然下雨,「國際we love you運動本部」仍有超過60人冒雨參加商圈街道環境淨化活動;還有27位來自高雄的朋友,一起在逢甲商圈內外圍區域,如西安街、文華路、逢甲路及便當街等,依分配地點進行環境街道清掃工作。
以奉獻愛與希望為宗旨的「國際we love you運動」在22日於台中逢甲商全市區進行清掃活動。除了國際we love you的成員以外,還有很多民眾一齊參與活動。雖然是在雨中進行,但是志工們的熱情不因雨水澆熄,在當天一共清理出垃圾73公斤及資源回收物61公斤,對於商家自我維護宣導達18家。最後他們也向外宣傳將在每年5月22日與訂為環境清掃日,與各國同步進行舉辦此活動。
無疑地這些環境志工的作為可屬十分難能可貴,他們沒有得到任何的金錢、物質的回饋;反之,自發性地為大眾付出,實在彰顯了良好公民的典範。雖然「台中市環境清潔維護自治條例及廢棄物清理法」有明確指出在店家周圍2公尺以內皆屬該店家所需負責維護整潔的範圍,但是由於缺乏維繫環境的參與心態,也可能因為出於疏忽怠慢,一但身處人多嘈雜或是攤販充斥的街坊,還是不免於目睹垃圾滿地,人群散後杯盤狼藉的景象。因此,「國際we love you運動」或是其他自治型環保意識宗旨的團體扮演了重要的角色。可以看出其實守護環境僅靠法條規章來維繫效果有限、甚至成效不彰。如果要真正實質地達到目標應是藉由全體人民自發性的行動做為,才能有效地守護我們的環境整潔。
西連縣(Serian)的兩個比達友村日前傳出被砂拉越土地統一與復興局(Sarawak Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority,簡稱SALCRA)侵占,其中名為Kampung Mujat的村民土地被賣給西馬種植公司發展,另一個村莊的28人土地被破壞。
本篇報導的事件發生在西連縣(Serian)位於馬來西亞領土境內,根據本文指出日前西連縣內比達友村出現兩起居民土地遭致外來入侵破壞的案例。該案件係由村長及砂拉越土地統一與復興局(SALCRA)所共謀,居民的土地在沒有經過許可下遭到移賣至第三方手裡,有人的土地被賣至西馬種植公司,有人的家園則是被指派的印籍工人剷平。而最後其中一民受害者Beti anak Rasek表示,將為任何損害村民權益的不公義反抗到底。
IOI集團所屬馬來西亞第二大棕油生產公司,在4月4日時因觸犯棕油永續發展圓桌會議(Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil,簡稱RSPO)的條款-禁止破壞印尼林地,而迫使與數家知名大型企業中止合約。根據文中報導指出,IOI集團早有破壞環境生態的歷史紀錄,除了傷害了寶貴的森林泥炭地,更是侵擾了猩猩的棲息地。除此之外,IOI集團也因溝通部協調,常因開發林地一事而與當地居民產生糾紛。目前,超過400個世界大型上市公司正式與IOI集團取消棕油供應合約。
所以,談到原生林的伐木問題時,國際保育團體就分裂為兩個理念陣營。這兩個陣營分別以兩個容易混淆的相似詞彙見稱:「零淨砍伐」(Zero net deforestation)和「零砍伐」(Zero deforestation)。雙方同意一個基本原則--拯救原生林以放緩大滅絕與氣候變化的重要性,以及在此迫切事宜和人類對木材的需求方面維持平衡。然而,對於實現此原則的最佳方法,他們就有歧見。一方說,若遵循最佳作業方法,應允許在原生林從事限量的工業採伐。另一方則說,工業採伐對森林造成一個不可接受的風險,必須禁止。
哥斯達黎加的紅眼樹蛙。攝影/瑞德巴特勒(Rhett A. Butler)哥斯達黎加的雄性紅腳旋蜜雀。攝影/瑞德巴特勒(Rhett A. Butler)
文獻索引
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